What is a Caliphate?

Caliphs or Khalifas were the spiritual leaders of Islam. They made the Caliphate, the capital of the Kingdom. After the end of the rule of four Caliphs, the Umayyad was the first great Muslim dynasty to rule the Empire of the Caliphate.

Muhammad's Successors and Spread of Islam

The successors of Prophet Muhammad were Caliphs or Khalifas. The headquarters or the capital of the kingdom was the Caliphate.

Beginning of Caliphate

After Muhammad's death in 632 AD, a loyal friend of Muhammad, Abu-Bakr was appointed as the leader. Abu-Bakr became the first Caliph.

Do you know, Who were Caliphs?

The spiritual leader of Islam was known as the Caliphs or Khalifas. The caliphs who succeeded Muhammad were Abu-Bakr, Umar, Usman, and Ali. They and their followers became a political power and conquered Iran, Syria, Egypt, North Africa, Central Asia, and Spain.

Do you know, What was Caliphate?

The capital of the Kingdom was called the Caliphate. The main objective of the caliphate was to have control over all the tribes and for the development of the state. Thereafter, they also conquered Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Byzantine, and Persian empires and made Jerusalem, the third holy city of the Muslims after Mecca and Medina.

End of Caliphate

After the territorial expansion, conflicts began among the community over the distribution of power, resources, and offices. This resulted in the civil wars, which destroyed the Caliphate based in Medina. Thus, the rule of the first four Caliphs ended by 660 CE, and Umayyad became the new ruler of the Caliphate.

Read More:
Umayyad Dynasty: Islam Civilization - History - Class 7
Abbasid Dynasty: Explanation, Culture and More - Islamic Civilizations